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Compare American Samoa (2001) - Chad (2001)

Compare American Samoa (2001) z Chad (2001)

 American Samoa (2001)Chad (2001)
 American SamoaChad
Administrative divisions none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts and two islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island*, Swains Island*, Western 14 prefectures (prefectures, singular - prefecture); Batha, Biltine, Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti, Chari-Baguirmi, Guera, Kanem, Lac, Logone Occidental, Logone Oriental, Mayo-Kebbi, Moyen-Chari, Ouaddai, Salamat, Tandjile
Age structure 0-14 years:
38.44% (male 13,278; female 12,512)

15-64 years:
56.57% (male 18,784; female 19,163)

65 years and over:
4.99% (male 1,779; female 1,568) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
47.73% (male 2,091,724; female 2,064,514)

15-64 years:
49.46% (male 2,035,099; female 2,271,389)

65 years and over:
2.81% (male 101,579; female 142,773) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock cotton, sorghum, millet, peanuts, rice, potatoes, manioc (tapioca); cattle, sheep, goats, camels
Airports 4 (2000 est.) 50 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total:
7

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
2

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total:
43

1,524 to 2,437 m:
12

914 to 1,523 m:
20

under 914 m:
11 (2000 est.)
Area total:
199 sq km

land:
199 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes Rose Island and Swains Island
total:
1.284 million sq km

land:
1,259,200 sq km

water:
24,800 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than Washington, DC slightly more than three times the size of California
Background Settled as early as 1000 B. C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year. Chad, part of France's African holdings until 1960, endured three decades of ethnic warfare as well as invasions by Libya before a semblance of peace was finally restored in 1990. The government eventually suppressed or came to terms with most political-military groups, settled a territorial dispute with Libya on terms favorable to Chad, drafted a democratic constitution, and held multiparty presidential and National Assembly elections in 1996 and 1997 respectively. In 1998 a new rebellion broke out in northern Chad, which continued to escalate throughout 2000. Despite movement toward democratic reform, power remains in the hands of a northern ethnic oligarchy.
Birth rate 24.88 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 48.28 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$121 million (37% in local revenue and 63% in US grants)

expenditures:
$127 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY96/97)
revenues:
$198 million

expenditures:
$218 million, including capital expenditures of $146 million (1998 est.)
Capital Pago Pago N'Djamena
Climate tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season from November to April, dry season from May to October; little seasonal temperature variation tropical in south, desert in north
Coastline 116 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution ratified 1966, in effect 1967 passed by referendum 31 March 1995
Country name conventional long form:
Territory of American Samoa

conventional short form:
American Samoa

abbreviation:
AS
conventional long form:
Republic of Chad

conventional short form:
Chad

local long form:
Republique du Tchad

local short form:
Tchad
Currency US dollar (USD) Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Death rate 4.31 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 15.4 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $NA $1 billion (1999 est.)
Dependency status unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of the US) chief of mission:
Ambassador Christopher E. GOLDTHWAIT

embassy:
Avenue Felix Eboue, N'Djamena

mailing address:
B. P. 413, N'Djamena

telephone:
[235] (51) 70-09, (51) 90-52, (51) 92-33

FAX:
[235] (51) 56-54
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of the US) chief of mission:
Ambassador Hassaballah Abdelhadi Ahmat SOUBIANE

chancery:
2002 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:
[1] (202) 462-4009

FAX:
[1] (202) 265-1937
Disputes - international none delimitation of international boundaries in the vicinity of Lake Chad, the lack of which led to border incidents in the past, has been completed and awaits ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria
Economic aid - recipient important financial support from the US, more than $40 million in 1994 $238.3 million (1995); note - $125 million committed by Taiwan (August 1997); $30 million committed by African Development Bank
Economy - overview This is a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US, with which American Samoa conducts the great bulk of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being. Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism, a developing sector, has been held back by the recurring financial difficulties in East Asia. Landlocked Chad's economic development suffers from its geographic remoteness, drought, lack of infrastructure, and political turmoil. About 85% of the population depends on agriculture, including the herding of livestock. Of Africa's Francophone countries, Chad benefited least from the 50% devaluation of their currencies in January 1994. Financial aid from the World Bank, the African Development Fund, and other sources is directed largely at the improvement of agriculture, especially livestock production. The World Bank's decision to back the Doba oil field development and the Chad-Cameroon pipeline will add Chad to the group of already booming West African oil exporters. However, the rank and file may not benefit much from the oil development projects.
Electricity - consumption 120.9 million kWh (1999) 83.7 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 130 million kWh (1999) 90 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Lata 966 m
lowest point:
Djourab Depression 160 m

highest point:
Emi Koussi 3,415 m
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines inadequate supplies of potable water; improper waste disposal in rural areas contributes to soil and water pollution; desertification
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping
Ethnic groups Samoan (Polynesian) 89%, Caucasian 2%, Tongan 4%, other 5% Muslims, commonly referred to as "northerners" or "gorane" (Arabs, Toubou, Hadjerai, Fulbe, Kotoko, Kanembou, Baguirmi, Boulala, Zaghawa, and Maba); non-Muslims, commonly referred to as "southerners" (Sara, Ngambaye, Mbaye, Goulaye, Moundang, Moussei, Massa) including nonindigenous 150,000 (of whom 1,000 are French)

note:
ethnicity and regional background more commonly used to identify Chadians than religious affiliation
Exchange rates the US dollar is used Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 699.21 (January 2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1996); note - from 1 January 1999, the XAF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XAF per euro
Executive branch chief of state:
President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) and Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)

head of government:
Governor Tauese P. SUNIA (since 3 January 1997) and Lieutenant Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 3 January 1997)

cabinet:
NA

elections:
US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004)

election results:
Tauese P. SUNIA reelected governor; percent of vote - Tauese P. SUNIA (Democrat) 50.7%, Lealaifuaneva Peter REID (independent) 47.8%
chief of state:
President Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY (since 4 December 1990)

head of government:
Prime Minister Nagoum YAMASSOUM (since 13 December 1999)

cabinet:
Council of State, members appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister

elections:
president elected by popular vote to serve five-year term; if no candidate receives at least 50% of the total vote, the two candidates receiving the most votes must stand for a second round of voting; last held 20 May 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY elected president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY 63%, Ngarlegy YORONGAR 16%, Saleh KEBZABO 7%

note:
government coalition - MPS, UNDR, and URD
Exports $500 million (1998) $172 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities canned tuna 93% cotton, cattle, textiles
Exports - partners US 99.6% Portugal 38%, Germany 12%, Thailand, Costa Rica, South Africa, France (1999)
Fiscal year 1 October - 30 September calendar year
Flag description blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; similar to the flag of Romania; also similar to the flags of Andorra and Moldova, both of which have a national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; design was based on the flag of France
GDP purchasing power parity - $500 million (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $8.1 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
agriculture:
40%

industry:
14%

services:
46% (1998)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $8,000 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $1,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% 4% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 14 20 S, 170 00 W 15 00 N, 19 00 E
Geography - note Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean landlocked; Lake Chad is the most significant water body in the Sahel
Highways total:
350 km

paved:
150 km

unpaved:
200 km
total:
33,400 km

paved:
267 km

unpaved:
33,133 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports $471 million (1996) $223 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum products 7%, machinery and parts 6% machinery and transportation equipment, industrial goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs, textiles
Imports - partners US 62%, Japan 9%, NZ 7%, Australia 11%, Fiji 4%, other 7% France 40%, Cameroon 13%, Nigeria 12%, India 5% (1999)
Independence none (territory of the US) 11 August 1960 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 5% (1995)
Industries tuna canneries (largely dependent on foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts cotton textiles, meatpacking, beer brewing, natron (sodium carbonate), soap, cigarettes, construction materials
Infant mortality rate 10.36 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 95.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA% 3% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ESCAP (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, SPC ACCT, ACP, AfDB, BDEAC, CEEAC, CEMAC, ECA, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 140 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior) Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Criminal Courts; Magistrate Courts
Labor force 14,000 (1996) NA
Labor force - by occupation government 33%, tuna canneries 34%, other 33% (1990) agriculture 85% (subsistence farming, herding, and fishing)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
5,968 km

border countries:
Cameroon 1,094 km, Central African Republic 1,197 km, Libya 1,055 km, Niger 1,175 km, Nigeria 87 km, Sudan 1,360 km
Land use arable land:
5%

permanent crops:
10%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
70%

other:
15% (1993 est.)
arable land:
3%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
36%

forests and woodland:
26%

other:
35% (1993 est.)
Languages Samoan (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English

note:
most people are bilingual
French (official), Arabic (official), Sara and Sango (in south), more than 100 different languages and dialects
Legal system NA based on French civil law system and Chadian customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the House of Representatives (21 seats - 20 of which are elected by popular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; members serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats; members are elected from local chiefs and serve four-year terms)

elections:
House of Representatives - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2002); Senate - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004)

election results:
House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; note - only independents elected

note:
American Samoa elects one delegate to the US House of Representatives; election last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2002); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA (Democrat) reelected as delegate for a sixth term
unicameral National Assembly (125 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms); replaces the Higher Transitional Council or the Conseil Superieur de Transition

elections:
National Assembly - last held in two rounds on 5 January and 23 February 1997 (next to be held in late 2001); in the first round of voting some candidates won clear victories by receiving 50% or more of the vote; where that did not happen, the two highest scoring candidates stood for a second round of voting

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - MPS 65, URD 29, UNDR 15, RDP 3, others 13
Life expectancy at birth total population:
75.32 years

male:
70.89 years

female:
80.02 years (2001 est.)
total population:
50.88 years

male:
48.86 years

female:
52.98 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
97%

male:
98%

female:
97% (1980 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write French or Arabic

total population:
48.1%

male:
62.1%

female:
34.7% (1995 est.)
Location Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand Central Africa, south of Libya
Map references Oceania Africa
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the US -
Military branches - Armed Forces (includes Ground Force, Air Force, and Gendarmerie), Republican Guard, Rapid Intervention Force, Police, Rural and Nomadic Guard (GNNT)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $39 million (FY96)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 3.5% (FY96)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
1,814,578 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
949,997 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 20 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
82,003 (2001 est.)
National holiday Flag Day, 17 April (1900) Independence Day, 11 August (1960)
Nationality noun:
American Samoan(s)

adjective:
American Samoan
noun:
Chadian(s)

adjective:
Chadian
Natural hazards typhoons common from December to March hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds occur in north; periodic droughts; locust plagues
Natural resources pumice, pumicite petroleum (unexploited but exploration under way), uranium, natron, kaolin, fish (Lake Chad)
Net migration rate 3.58 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders Democratic Party [leader NA]; Republican Party [leader NA] National Union for Development and Renewal or UNDR [Saleh KEBZABO]; Patriotic Salvation Movement or MPS [Mahamat Saleh AHMAT, chairman] (originally in opposition but now the party in power and the party of the president); Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Lal Mahamat CHOUA]; Union for Renewal and Democracy or URD [Gen. Wadal Abdelkader KAMOUGUE]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 67,084 (July 2001 est.) 8,707,078 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 64% (1995 est.)
Population growth rate 2.42% (2001 est.) 3.29% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Aunu'u (new construction), Auasi, Faleosao, Ofu, Pago Pago, Ta'u none
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 5 (1998)
Radios 57,000 (1997) 1.67 million (1997)
Railways 0 km 0 km
Religions Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30% Muslim 50%, Christian 25%, indigenous beliefs (mostly animism) 25%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.13 male(s)/female

total population:
1.02 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.04 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.9 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.71 male(s)/female

total population:
0.94 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
general assessment:
primitive system

domestic:
fair system of radiotelephone communication stations

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 13,000 (1997) 7,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 2,550 (1997) NA
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 1 (1997)
Terrain five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island) broad, arid plains in center, desert in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south
Total fertility rate 3.5 children born/woman (2001 est.) 6.56 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 16% (1993) NA%
Waterways none 2,000 km
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